A Golem, which probably does not need any introduction to the readership, is a well known legendary magical "person" or android created from the dirt of the ground. Many famous rabbis throughout history have been reported to have created Golems. A full history of Golem stories is beyond the scope of this post and hopefully will be revisited in the future. Instead, I would like to focus on one issue: How does one exactly create a Golem? I have found explicit instructions on Golem making in a European Hebrew manuscript of magic written in 1805 entitled "Practical Kabbalah". (Shelfmark: Bill Gross Ms. EE.011.026, fol. 30a). We see the Hebrew alphabet which according to tradition God used in creating the world plays an important role in activating the various limbs and organs of the Golem. Here follows my translation as well as an image of the original:
To create a Golem man:
Take earth at midnight of the fourth day of the week (Wednesday) [word
rubbed out] ד"ש [Unsure what the abbreviation is, I
suppose it stands for “four weeks”]in the night of the month of Nissan [a
Jewish month, around April] and take the earth, making sure none see you, and walk alone at
night and fear not the Damagers [i.e. demons]. Afterwards, come to your house
and place the earth in a corner of your house for ב"ש [=two weeks?] and after the two weeks take the
earth and make small pieces from it; that is, a large piece for forming the
head and two pieces for the hands and etc. For the body, use one large piece.
This should likewise be done alone at night with a second person to assist you.
Make two small holes for the eyes, two for the ears and one hole for the
nostrils. Write upon kosher deerskin parchment: aleph beth gimmel dalet he vav
zayin etc. till tav [i.e. write the entire Hebrew alphabet] in large letters
with the Ashuri script [the square script used in Torah scrolls and the like]
with it’s “etchings” [Torah scrolls, mezuzahs (and sometimes amulets as well)
must have שירטוט , a pressed line of sorts etched into the
parchment in which the letters are written underneath, similar in concept to
writing between the “lines” in our modern ruled paper]. Before using the quill,
immerse that day in a mikva [ritualarium], and fast that day as well. You are
not to speak to anyone at all that day. Light a candle in that house for the
entire day. Before the writing, you are to learn the Chapter of the Merkabah
[=the chariot] in the book of Ezekiel. After this, you are to write the
alphabet without shoes in fear and awe. Afterwards, separate [rip off?] each
letter from the others surrounded with the parchment [the letter should be
surrounded with parchment]. Place aleph beth on the head, gimmel daled on each
hand respectively, he vav likewise on the legs, zayin cheth on the eyes, teth
yod on the ears with the remaining letters on the body. Press it into the body
[pieces]. Afterwards, recite psalms 98 and 109. Then, adjure it as
follows: I adjure upon thee O Holy Names
that derive from these verses “that they formed the man from the earth” and via
the Names known to the Masters of the Kabbalah. Repeat thus thrice and the
[Golem-]man will arise to serve you. Perform thus only for a dire need, such as
traveling. To destroy him, recite these names over him on Friday or Saturday
night: Havad Chtoth.
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